Exhibit A

Exhibit A EFTA00088759 Journal of Child Serial Abuse, 23:957-976, 2014 Copyright te) Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1053-8712 print/1547-0679 online DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2014.960632 11 Routledge Taylor &FrandsGroup The Construct of Grooming in Child Sexual Abuse: Conceptual and Measurement Issues NATALIE BENNETT and WILLIAM O'DONOHUE University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Munk LETA There have been claims that some child molesters engage in a "seduction stage"prior to committing abuse. These behaviors, com- monly known as "grooming," are understood as methods child molesters use to gain access to and prepare future victims to be com- pliant with abuse. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding exactly what this process entails and how it is clearly distinguished from normal adult-child interactions. It is important to devise an accurate definition ofgrooming for scientific, clinical, and forensic purposes. We critically evaluate the various definitions and reveal